Adderall is a central nervous system stimulant made up of two active ingredients: amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. These compounds work together to stimulate certain areas of the brain that are responsible for focus, attention, and self-control. It’s primarily prescribed to individuals diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and is also used, in some cases, to treat narcolepsy, a sleep disorder that causes excessive daytime drowsiness.