What is Adderall? Adderall is a central nervous system stimulant that may help increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in people with ADHD, aged 3 years and older. Adderall is also approved to treat narcolepsy, in which people tend to fall asleep whenever they are in relaxing surroundings. It is only for people aged 12 and older. Adderall works by increasing the availability of brain neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in your central nervous system connections. It is available by prescription only and is a controlled substance. What is an Adderall Addiction? Adderall addiction is when a person continues to use the drug even when it harms them financially, occupationally, or in their interpersonal relationships. Symptoms of substance use disorder impact all aspects of a person’s life. Treatment involves helping a person return to a healthy level of functioning while contributing to society.