Oxycodone 10 mg: Uses, Safety, and Important Information Oxycodone 10 mg is a prescription opioid pain medication used to manage moderate to severe pain when other pain treatments are not effective. Because it is a powerful medicine with potential risks, it must be used only under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional. This article provides general information to help patients understand oxycodone 10 mg, its medical use, and important safety considerations.